目前分類:Echinoidea - Irregularia (177)

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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


Class Echinoidea 海膽綱


Family Maretiidae 仙壺海膽科


Scientific name Maretia planulata


Chinese name 扁仙壺海膽


Author Lamarck, 1816


Size 47mm


Description Sea urchin, taken by divers at depth of 5 - 10 meters in Olango Island, Cebu, Philippines.


 


 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Aboral view(反口面).






 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Oral view(口面).






 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Lt. lateral view(左側面).





 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Posterior view(後端).





 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Anterior view(前端).





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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


Class Echinoidea 海膽綱


Family Maretiidae 仙壺海膽科


Scientific name Maretia planulata


Chinese name 扁仙壺海膽


Author Lamarck, 1816


Size 51mm


Description Sea urchin, taken by divers at depth of 5 - 10 meters in Olango Island, Cebu, Philippines.


 


 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Aboral view(反口面).






 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Oral view(口面).






 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Rt. lateral view(右側面).






 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Posterior view(後端).




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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Echinolampadidae 棘燈形海膽科


Scientific name Conolampas diomedeae


Chinese name


Author Mortensen, 1948


Size 92x88x 53mm


Description Sea Urchin, taken in Olango Island , Cebu , Philippines .


 


 


 


Conolampas diomedeae, Aboral view(反口面).






 


 


Conolampas diomedeae, Apical system (頂系)



 


 


Conolampas diomedeae, Oral view(口面).






 


 


Conolampas diomedeae, Floscelle (口花)



 


 


Conolampas diomedeae, Periproct (肛圍)



 


 


Conolampas diomedeae, Lt. lateral view(左側面).





 


 


Conolampas diomedeae, Anterior view(前端).





 


 


Conolampas diomedeae, Posterior view(後端).





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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


Class Echinoidea 海膽綱


Family Asterostomatidae


Scientific name Eurypatagus ovalis


Chinese name


Author Mortensen, 1948


Size 82 mm


Description Sea urchin test diameter - 82 mm , with spine, taken with tangle net at depth of 100-200 meters in Balicasag Island , Bohol , Philippines .


 


 


 


Eurypatagus ovalis, Aboral view(反口面).







 


 


Eurypatagus ovalis, Oral view(口面).







 


 


Eurypatagus ovalis, Rt. lateral view(右側面).





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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


Class Echinoidea 海膽綱


Family Maretiidae 仙壺海膽科


Scientific name Maretia planulata


Chinese name 扁仙壺海膽


Author Lamarck, 1816


Size 52.4 mm


Description Sea urchin test diameter - 52.4 mm , with spine, taken by divers in Camotes Island , Cebu , Philippines .


 


 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Aboral view(反口面).






 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Oral view(口面).






 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Posterior view(後端).






 


 


Maretia planulata, 扁仙壺海膽, Lt. lateral view(左側面).







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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


Class Echinoidea 海膽綱


Family Palaeopneustidae 古心形海膽科


Scientific name Plesiozonus hirsutus


Chinese name


Author de Meijere, 1902


Size 123x113x 75mm


Description Sea Urchins, taken in Olango Island , Cebu , Philippines .


 





























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Brissidae壺海膽科中BrissusMeomaMetalia的差異說明


 


依據Heinke Schultz Sea Urchins,書中將Brissidae壺海膽科分為13個屬,其中以BrissusMeomaMetalia3個屬最常見但也較容易混淆,因為它們的外觀皆很相似。因此Heinke Schultz就針對這3個屬列出一張圖表(如下圖),將其間之差異加以說明。


 



 


主要的辨別以Fasciole (帶線) 的外觀為主,包括Peripetalous fasciole (周花帶線) Subanal fasciole (肛下帶線) Anal fasciole (肛帶線)


 


Brissus屬的Fasciole (帶線)特性為:


1. Subanal fasciole (肛下帶線)為腎型(reniform)或謂雙葉型(Bilobed)帶線完整、清楚明晰、無缺口。



 


2. Peripetalous fasciole (周花帶線)於外間步帶區(Lateral imterambulacra)及後間步帶區(Posterior imterambulacra)沿著Petals (瓣帶)邊緣非常往內陷入。




 



 



 


3. Anal fasciole (肛帶線)



 


Meoma屬的Fasciole (帶線)特性為:


1. Subanal fasciole (肛下帶線)為腎型(reniform)或謂雙葉型(Bilobed)帶線不完整有缺口、近肛門處的帶線不明顯。


2. Peripetalous fasciole (周花帶線)於外間步帶區(Lateral imterambulacra)及後間步帶區(Posterior imterambulacra)沿著Petals (瓣帶)邊緣非常往內陷入。


3. Anal fasciole (肛帶線)


 


Metalia屬的Fasciole (帶線)特性為:


1. Subanal fasciole (肛下帶線)為盾型(Shield-shaped)帶線完整、清楚明晰、無缺口。


 





 


2. Peripetalous fasciole (周花帶線)於外間步帶區(Lateral imterambulacra)及後間步帶區(Posterior imterambulacra)沿著瓣帶末端外緣連線而不往內陷入。


 



 


 



3.清楚明晰的Anal fasciole (肛帶線)



 



 




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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Brissidae 壺海膽科


Scientific name Metalia spatagus


Chinese name: 心形海壺


Author (Linnaeus 1758)


Size 119x106mm


Description Southern Taiwan Strait.





 


 


Metalia spatagus, TEST, Aboral view(反口面).

Well-developed peripetalous faciole.


 


Metalia spatagus, Peripetalous fasciole (周花帶線)

Paired ambulacra petaloid; posterior pair slightly longer than anterior pair and flexed outwards distally. Petals long, parallel-sided and sunken, with narrow interporal zone.


 


Metalia spatagus, Apical system (頂系)




 


Apical disc ethmolytic, with 4 gonopores.


 


Spines and tubercles within peripetalous fasciole not significantly enlarged.


 


Anterior ambulacrum narrow. Pore-pairs small, simple isopores and undifferentiated.


 


Other ambulacra petaloid; petals narrow and sunken, the anterior pair almost at 180 degrees; petals parallel-sided with little perradial space separating the two columns of pore-pairs.


 


Posterior petals subparallel and can be almost confluent adapically; but diverging adambitally.


 


Metalia spatagus, TEST, Oral view(口面).

Peristome wider than long; kidney-shaped; facing largely downwards.


 


Peristome kidney-shaped with projecting labrum.


 


Sternal plates elongate; episternal plates forming part of plastron. Sternal-episternal suture strongly convex towards anterior.


 


Periproct on posterior truncate face.


 


Labral plate short and wide; not extending beyond ambulacral plate 1.


 


Subanal fasciole present; shield-shaped; with anal branches.





 


Well-developed subanal fasciole and 4 subanal pores on each side.


 


Metalia spatagus, TEST, Lt. lateral view(左側面).



 


Metalia spatagus, Anterior petals (前瓣帶) (Lt side), Posterior petals (後瓣帶) (Rt side) & Peripetalous fasciole (周花帶線).

Peripetalous fasciole narrow; indented behind anterior petals.


 


Posterior face truncate and slightly undercut. Test depressed in profile


 


Sternal-episternal suture strongly convex towards anterior. Periproct on posterior truncate face.


 


Metalia spatagus, TEST, Anterior view(前端).

Metalia spatagus, Anterior ambulacral area (前步帶)





 


Metalia spatagus, TEST, Posterior view(後端).



 


Periproct on posterior truncate face.


 


Periproct large, on short posterior face. Slight subanal heel often developed.





 


Well-developed subanal fasciole and 4 subanal pores on each side..


 


Subanal fasciole present; shield-shaped; with anal branches.




 


4 subanal pores on each side.


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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Brissidae 壺海膽科


Scientific name Metalia spatagus


Chinese name 心形海壺


Author (Linnaeus 1758)


Size 133.5x114.2x 66.4mm


Description Penghu Is. , Taiwan


 



Original appearance with spine



 


TEST, Aboral view(反口面).




 


Apical system (頂系)




 


Posterior petals (後瓣帶)



 


 


 


TEST, Oral view(口面).





 


Peristome (口圍) & Floscelle (口花)



 


Sternal plates (胸板)




 


 


Episternal plates (後胸板)



 


Periproct (肛圍) & Subanals plate (肛下板)



 


Posterior view(後端) & Periproct (肛圍).





 


Periproct (肛圍)








 


Lt. lateral view(左側面).






 


Rt. lateral view(右側面).





 


Anterior view(前端).






 


Periproct (肛圍), Anal fasciole (肛帶線)


Subanals plate (肛下板) & Subanal fasciole (肛下帶線)






 


Periproct (肛圍) & Anal fasciole (肛帶線)



 


Subanals plate (肛下板) & Subanal fasciole (肛下帶線)



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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Palaeopneustidae 古心形海膽科


Scientific name Plesiozonus hirsutus


Chinese name:


Author de Meijere, 1902


Size 124x116x82 mm


Description Sea Urchins, taken in Olango Island, Cebu, Philippines.


 


 


 


Plesiozonus hirsutus, Aboral view.









 


 


 


Plesiozonus hirsutus, Oral view.








 


 


 


Plesiozonus hirsutus, Lt. lateral view.




 


 


 


Plesiozonus hirsutus, Rt. lateral view.




 


 


 


 


Plesiozonus hirsutus, Anterior view.




 


 


 


 


Plesiozonus hirsutus, Posterial view.




 


 


 


 





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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Brissidae 壺海膽科


Scientific name Metalia spatagus


Chinese name 心形海壺


Author (Linnaeus 1758)


Size 70x56x34mm


Description Sea Urchins, taken in Olango Island, Cebu , Philippines .


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, TEST, Aboral view.


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, TEST, Oral view.


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, TEST, Aboral view , 圍瓣小帶(Peripetalous fasciole), 前步帶(Anterior ambulacral area), 前瓣帶(Anterior petals) & 後瓣帶(Posterior petals).





 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, TEST, Oral view.


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, 腹板(Sternal plates)


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, 後腹板(Episternal plates)


 





 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, TEST, Lt. lateral view.




 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, TEST, Rt. lateral view.




 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, TEST, Posterial view.







 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, TEST, Anterior view.






 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, 頂系(Apical system)


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, 後瓣帶(Posteror petals)


 


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, 口圍(Peristome)



 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, 肛下板(Subanals) & 肛下小帶(Subanal fasciole)


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, 肛圍(Periproct)


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, 肛圍(Periproct) & 肛帶線(Anal fasciole)



 


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, 肛帶線(Anal fasciole) & 肛下小帶(Subanal fasciole)


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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Brissidae 壺海膽科


Scientific name Metalia spatagus


Chinese name: 心形海壺


Author (Linnaeus 1758)


Size 70x56x34mm


Description Sea Urchins, taken in Olango Island, Cebu, Philippines.



 



 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, Aboral view.








 


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, Oral view.



 


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, Posterial view.


 


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, Anterior view.



 


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, Lt. lateral view.




 


 


Metalia spatagus 心形海壺, Rt. lateral view.





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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Palaeopneustidae 古心形海膽科


Scientific name Plesiozonus diomedeae


Chinese name:


Author Mortensen 1948


Size 103x99x70mm


Description Sea urchin, test diameter - 72x68x47 mm, taken with tangle net at depth of 100-200 meters in Camotis Island, Cebu, Philippines.




















































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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Palaeopneustidae 古心形海膽科


Scientific name Plesiozonus hirsutus


Chinese name:


Author de Meijere, 1902


Size 113x103x71mm


Description Sea Urchins, taken in Olango Island, Cebu, Philippines.



































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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Palaeopneustidae 古心形海膽科


Scientific name Plesiozonus diomedeae


Chinese name:


Author Mortensen 1948


Size 103x99x70mm


Description Sea Urchins, taken in Olango Island, Cebu, Philippines.






















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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Palaeopneustidae 古心形海膽科


Scientific name Plesiozonus diomedeae


Chinese name:


Author Mortensen, 1948


Size 98x95x66 mm


Description Sea urchin, test diameter - 98x95x66 mm, taken with tangle net at depth of 100-200 meters in Balicasag Island, Bohol, Philippines.


























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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Asterostomatidae 星口海膽科


Scientific name Heterobrissus niasicus


Chinese name:


Author Doderlein, 1901


Size 121x94x65mm


Description Sea urchin – w/spine, taken with tangle net at depth of 100-200 meters in Balicasag Island, Bohol, Philippines.








































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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Asterostomatidae 星口海膽科


Scientific name Heterobrissus niasicus


Chinese name:


Author Doderlein, 1901


Size 101x82x56mm


Description Sea urchin - test, taken with tangle net at depth of 100-200 meters in Balicasag Island, Bohol, Philippines.






 








































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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Brissidae 壺海膽科


Scientific name Metalia spatagus


Chinese name: 心形海壺


Author (Linnaeus 1758)


Size 133.5x114.2x66.4mm


Description Penghu Is., Taiwan


 



Denuded appearance.



 















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Phylum Echinodermata 棘皮動物門


ClassEchinoidea 海膽綱


Family Loveniidae 拉文海膽科


Scientific name Breynia elegans


Chinese name 秀麗布萊海膽


Author Mortensen, 1948


Size 96.60mm


Description Penghu Is. , Taiwan






























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